Common Types Of Sensors

Resistive type
A resistive sensor is a device that converts measured physical quantities such as displacement, deformation, force, acceleration, humidity, temperature, etc. into resistance values. There are mainly resistive strain sensors, piezoresistive sensors, thermal sensors, thermal sensors, gas sensors, humidity sensors, and other resistive sensor components.
Resistance strain gauge
The resistance strain gauge in the sensor has the metal strain effect, that is, it produces mechanical deformation under the action of external force, so that the resistance value changes accordingly. There are mainly two types of resistance strain gauge: metal and semiconductor. Metal strain gauge can be divided into wire type, foil type and film type. The semiconductor strain gauge has the advantages of high sensitivity (usually dozens of times that of wire type and foil type) and small transverse effect.
Piezoresistive type
Piezoresistive sensor is a device made by diffusing resistance on the substrate of semiconductor material according to the Piezoresistive effect of semiconductor material. The substrate can be directly used as a measuring sensing element, and the diffusion resistance is connected to the substrate in the form of an electric bridge. When the substrate undergoes deformation due to external forces, the resistance values will change, and the bridge will produce corresponding unbalanced output.
The substrate (or membrane) materials used for piezoresistive sensors are mainly silicon wafers and germanium wafers. Silicon piezoresistive sensors made of silicon wafers as sensitive materials are receiving increasing attention, especially solid-state piezoresistive sensors that measure pressure and velocity.
Thermal resistance
Thermal resistance temperature measurement is based on the characteristic that the resistance value of a metal conductor increases with the increase of temperature for temperature measurement. Most thermal resistors are made of pure metal materials, with platinum and copper being the most commonly used. In addition, materials such as nickel, manganese, and rhodium have begun to be used to manufacture thermal resistors.